The Cognitive Affective Model of Immersive Learning (CAMIL)
This paper presents the CAMIL framework explaining how immersion, presence, and agency in IVR influence cognitive and affective factors to support learning outcomes and knowledge transfer.
Virtual Body Ownership Illusions for Mental Health: A Narrative Review
This review explores the use of virtual reality–induced body ownership illusions to improve mental health, summarizing current clinical evidence and identifying challenges for future research.
A Call to Unify Definitions of Virtual Reality
Virtual reality will be widely adopted by nursing within the next five years. The authors review various definitions and recommend use of the concepts immersion and presence as a way to define VR.
Neural basis of embodiment: distinct contributions of temporoparietal junction and extrastriate body area
This study demonstrates distinct neural mechanisms for embodiment and self-location, with the extrastriate body area supporting embodied self-location and the temporoparietal junction linked to disembodied perspectives.
Revisiting Milgram and Kishino’s Reality-Virtuality Continuum
This paper revisits the reality–virtuality continuum, arguing that true VR is unattainable and most experiences are mixed reality. It proposes an updated taxonomy based on immersion, world knowledge, and coherence.
Virtual reality approaches to pain: toward a state of the science
Review of virtual reality for pain management, outlining current applications and key mechanisms such as immersion and embodiment. It also highlights methodological limitations and future research directions needed to strengthen evidence.
Educational virtual environments: A ten-year review of empirical research (1999-2009)
Critical review of educational virtual reality research highlights its learning potential through presence, immersion, and constructivist design, while emphasizing limited empirical evidence and the need for longitudinal studies.